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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Leucostoma kunzei ： ウィキペディア英語版 Leucostoma kunzei The plant pathogenic fungus ''Leucostoma kunzei'' (formerly ''Valsa kunzei'') is the causal agent of Leucostoma canker (also known as Cytospora canker or spruce canker) a disease of spruce trees found in the Northern Hemisphere, predominantly on Norway spruce (''Picea abies'') and Colorado blue spruce (''Picea pungens''). This disease is one of the most common and detrimental stem diseases of ''Picea'' species in the northeastern United States, yet it also affects other coniferous species. Rarely does it kill its host tree; however, the disease does disfigure by killing host branches and causing resin exudation from perennial lesions on branches or trunks.〔Sinclair, W.A., H.H. Lyon, and W.T. Johnson. 1987. Diseases of Trees and Shrubs. Comstock Publishing, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY. 168 pp.〕〔Kamiri, L.K.; Laemmlen, F.F., 1981a. Epidemiology of Cytospora canker caused in Colorado blue spruce by Valsa kunzei. Phytopathology 71: 941-947.〕〔Kamiri, L.K.; Laemmlen, F.F., 1981b. Effects of drought stress and wounding on Cytosprora canker development on Colorado blue spruce. Journal of Arboriculture 7: 113-116.〕〔http://ipm.illinois.edu/landturf/diseases/cytospora/index.html〕〔http://www.hgic.umd.edu/_media/documents/hg400_000.pdf〕 == Origins == ''Leucostoma keunzei'' or “''Valsa kunzei''” (Fr.:Fr) Fr. (conidial state -''Cytospora kunzei'') was first described by Waterman in 1955,〔Waterman, A.M., 1955. The relation of Valsa kunzei to cankers on conifers. Phytopathology 45: 686-692.〕as the causal agent for the branch and stem cankers she observed on Douglas fir. Waterman cultured the fungus from cankered trees from Washington, Pennsylvania, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts and provided the first descriptions of the canker and fungus. She also noted cankered trees usually occurred on unfavorable sites or had been weakened by other environmental factors.〔〔Merrill, W.; Wenner, N. G.; Peplinski, J. D., 1993. New host distribution records from Pennsylvania conifers. Plant Disease 77: 430-443.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Leucostoma kunzei」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.